The institution of chieftaincy, along with its traditional councils, is guaranteed by Article 270 of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana. The Chieftaincy Act, 2008 (Act 759), further defines their roles and the legal framework for their operations, including the registration of chiefs in the National Register of Chiefs. 

• • Spiritual leadership of their people.
  • Administration and political leadership of the traditional area.
  • Settling disputes among their people.

• Custodianship of traditional land and property.

• Link between the traditional area and the central government.

• Overseeing development projects within their jurisdiction

Chiefs are typically selected from the appropriate royal family or lineage by a group of “kingmakers”. Among the Akan, the Queen Mother plays a crucial role in nominating the candidate, who must then be approved by the kingmakers. The selected individual must meet specific criteria, including being mentally and physically sound, having no criminal record, and possessing a good character. 

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The highest rank is generally the Paramount Chief (Omanhene or Skin occupant), who presides over a Traditional Council and a traditional area. The highest committee at the national level is the National House of Chiefs, with supporting Regional Houses of Chiefs. The Asantehene is an example of an Emperor-level chief who has primacy over all other Akan chiefs within the Ashanti Kingdom

Yes, a chief can be “destooled” (or “deskinned”  for various offenses, such as showing disrespect to elders, misusing state property/funds, or failing to perform customary rites. The process involves the elders and the community, and serious charges may go through the Judicial Committees of the Regional or National Houses of Chiefs

Yes, the Chieftaincy Act grants judicial power to the Houses of Chiefs (Traditional, Regional, and National) to adjudicate matters relating to chieftaincy, including disputes over paramount stools or skins, lines of succession, and customary laws. The government is also considering plans to establish “Palace Courts” to allow traditional authorities to handle minor local offences

No, a chief is constitutionally prohibited from taking part in active party politics. Any chief wishing to seek election to Parliament or engage actively in political office must first abdicate their stool or skin